The resistance offered by the earth electrode to the flow of current into the ground is known as the earth resistance or resistance to earth. The earth resistance mainly implies the resistance between the electrode and the point of zero potential. Numerically, it is equal to the ratio of the potential of the earth electrode to the current dissipated by it. The resistance between the earthing plate and the ground is measured by the potential fall method.
The three-point method is the most thorough and reliable test method; used for measuring resistance to earth of an installed grounding electrode. The ability to properly measure ground resistance is essential in preventing costly downtime due to service interruptions caused by poor grounds.
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